Bandwidth constraints:
Network capacity, or bandwidth, is the maximal number of bits a network connection or interface can carry at a given period of time. It is measured in bps (bits-per-second), Kbps, Mbps or Gbps. The greater the bandwidth, the greater the number of concurrent application sessions the link can serve (for a given transaction) and the greater the rate that each application session can consume from the network.
Bandwidth Utilization:
Bandwidth utilization is a measure of how much of the link’s maximum data rate is being used. Consider an intuitive notion of utilization – it may start by picturing the WAN circuit as a pipe of a certain diameter and then imagining that it is partly filled with something we call traffic. Bandwidth utilization is a factor of the number of concurrent application sessions across the link and the average rate used by each session. For example, if a T1 link (1544 Kbps) serves an average of 20 concurrent application sessions and each session uses 50 Kbps on average each way then we would say that the link is 64.7% utilized ((50 Kbps * 20 sessions)/1544 kbps = 64.7%).
Starting at 70% BU, network performance starts to degrade, 80% badly degraded, and 90+% “Flooded”. Smaller pipes, are subject to easier flooding, which will cause significant increased latency and jitter
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